Which of the following is NOT a core activity of Information Operations?

Direct combat is not considered a core activity of Information Operations. Information Operations primarily focus on influencing, disrupting, or defending information and information systems, often involving psychological, electronic, and operational tactics rather than direct engagement with an enemy.

Military deception, electronic warfare, and coordinated operations security are essential components of Information Operations. Military deception aims to mislead adversaries, while electronic warfare involves using the electromagnetic spectrum to disrupt enemy communications and operations. Coordinated operations security involves protecting sensitive information and ensuring that operations are conducted securely to maintain a strategic advantage. Each of these activities is closely linked to managing information in the operational environment, distinguishing them from the concept of direct combat, which is primarily concerned with physical engagement.