Which operation involved direct surveillance and reconnaissance by SEALs?

Operation ENDURING FREEDOM is the correct choice as it encompassed a wide range of military actions following the September 11 attacks, including a significant emphasis on direct surveillance and reconnaissance. SEALs played an essential role in gathering intelligence on enemy forces and movements in Afghanistan and surrounding areas. Their specialized skills allowed them to operate effectively in varied environments, conducting missions that required detailed observation of enemy positions and trends, which was crucial for the success of military objectives in the region.

In contrast, other operations mentioned had different focuses; for example, Operation DESERT STORM primarily concentrated on the liberation of Kuwait and conventional combat operations, while Operation NOBLE EAGLE was focused on domestic security and defense following terrorist threats. Operation JUST CAUSE in Panama involved a different tactical approach largely based on direct action and combat operations to remove Manuel Noriega. Thus, while SEALs may have been involved in various capacities in these operations, Operation ENDURING FREEDOM distinctly highlighted their role in direct surveillance and reconnaissance missions.